티스토리 뷰
Update : 2019.06.20
알아두면 유용한 Docker 명령어 모음
docker --version
docker info
docker search “images file name"
docker search --filter "is-official=true” centos
docker pull
docker images “images file name"
docker create “container”
docker create --name centos01 -it centosdocker start
docker attach “container name or ID”
docker exec -it “container name or ID” /bin/bash
docker stop “container name or ID"
docker kill “container name or ID"
docker restart “container name or ID"
docker run “container name or ID”
docker run --name centos02 -it centos
docker run --name ngnix-test -p 8080:80 nginx
docker run --name centos02 --hostname centos02 -it centos
docker ps
docker ps -a
docker rm “container name or ID"
docker rmi “image name"
docker save
docker save alpine -o alpine_edit.tar
docker load -I alpine_edit.tar
docker export “container name or ID"
docker export web_container -o web_container.tar
docker import
docker import web_container.tar
docker history “Image name or ID"
docker logs “Container name or ID”
docker logs -f “Container name or ID"
docker stats
docker stats —-no-stream
docker top “container name or ID”
docker inspect
docker inspect -f "{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}”
docker build -t
docker tag “source image:tag” “target image:tag"
Docker version 확인
[root@cent151 ~]# docker --version
Docker version 18.09.6, build 481bc77156
Docker 정보 확인
[root@cent151 ~]# docker info
Containers: 6
Running: 1
Paused: 0
Stopped: 5
Images: 7
Server Version: 18.09.6
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: bb71b10fd8f58240ca47fbb579b9d1028eea7c84
runc version: 2b18fe1d885ee5083ef9f0838fee39b62d653e30
init version: fec3683
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.5.1.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 7.638GiB
Name: cent151
ID: F2X4:DTCN:T52E:KK7U:YTCG:JDA5:AD4F:UQEP:D4TK:4B4Z:7ETK:JWOM
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
Product License: Community Engine
Docker 이미지 검색
[root@cent151 ~]# docker search ngnix
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
userxy2015/ngnix ngnix 7
ludwringliccien/ngnix-php7.1 ngnix-php7.1 1 [OK]
jhuiting/ngnix 1
covenant/ngnix 0
hamropatrorepo/ngnix-reverse-proxy 0
sitek/ngnix-vsftpd ngnix-vsftpd 0 [OK]
1app/ngnix configuração inicial 0
agualbbus/ngnix-php-proxy 0
theburi/ngnix ngnix 0
sanghaiakshay/ngnix_https_webserver 0
jenorish/ngnix 0
starlkj/ngnix tde test 0 [OK]
alamalhoda/ngnix 0
bguruprasad/ngnix-print-hostname ngnix-print-hostname 0
afzal/ngnix_rate_limit ngnix rate limit examples 0
sushanth53/ngnix_server ngnix server 0
silvade/ngnix-static ngnix docker image with ubuntu 0
sunbuild/ngnix-fpm-azure Linux app service : ngnix-fpm 0 [OK]
sunlitweb/ngnix 0
iijjijijijjijiji/ngnix20170422 0
ranvirsingh/ngnix-marklogic 0
fnature/ngnix-curl 0
rajdeeps/ngnix 0
diegograssato/ngnix 0
jerrycheung/ngnix 0
[root@cent151 ~]# docker search --filter "is-official=true" centos
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
centos The official build of CentOS. 5421 [OK]
docker 이미지 확인
[root@centrepo ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
postgres latest 79db2bf18b4a 2 days ago 312MB
alpine latest 4d90542f0623 4 days ago 5.58MB
mariadb latest f1e4084965e5 4 days ago 356MB
wordpress latest 5e5e0b1aa9dd 5 days ago 447MB
haproxy latest 7856fff2a391 5 days ago 73.6MB
composer latest 859975b40129 6 days ago 160MB
php latest f0357c41bff5 6 days ago 367MB
busybox latest e4db68de4ff2 9 days ago 1.22MB
docker latest 805bea199b24 9 days ago 171MB
node latest b074182f4154 13 days ago 906MB
redis latest 3c41ce05add9 13 days ago 95MB
httpd latest e77c77f17b46 13 days ago 140MB
memcached latest de8ed9aa9b7e 13 days ago 67.5MB
nginx latest 719cd2e3ed04 13 days ago 109MB
mysql latest c7109f74d339 13 days ago 443MB
amazonlinux latest b94321659aca 4 weeks ago 162MB
centos latest 9f38484d220f 3 months ago 202MB
registry latest f32a97de94e1 3 months ago 25.8MB
cirros latest bc94bceaae77 5 months ago 10.3MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 5 months ago 1.84kB
swarm latest ff454b4a0e84 12 months ago 12.7MB
Docker create : 이미지와 신규 생성되는 컨테이너 매핑
# name option을 통해서 컨테이너 이름을 지정하고, 이미지는 ubuntu로 지정
[root@cent151 ~]# docker create --name ubuntu01 ubuntu
6718ea98df32c6839a25b0eceb9c07f3c414f2e8537c41cbee0fcd88e3e05381
# -it 옵션을 통해서 interactive tty를 생성하여 컨테이너 구동하며, 컨테이너를 자동으로 시작 시킴.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker create --name ubuntu01 -it ubuntu start
b75e75b8b61696c7042749d003eeeb1b5c56868baadec0c00428c6bd61d7a42e
Docker start
[root@cent151 ~]# docker start ubuntu01
ubuntu01
# option -a 는 attach와 같은 효과를 줄 수 있음.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker start -a ubuntu01
root@fdb17624280d:/#
Docker stop
[root@cent151 ~]# docker stop ubuntu01
ubuntu01
Docker restart
[root@cent151 ~]# docker restart ubuntu01
ubuntu01
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Up 6 seconds ubuntu01
Docker kill - Docker Container Process 강제로 down
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up 31 minutes centos01
[root@cent151 ~]# docker kill ubuntu01
ubuntu01
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up 32 minutes centos01
# Ubuntu01은 컨테이너만 정지됨.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (137) 54 seconds ago ubuntu01
Docker attach : 터미널에 도커 컨테이너 연결방법
[root@cent151 ~]# docker attach ubuntu01
root@fdb17624280d:/#
Docker exec : 터미널에 도커 컨테이너 연결방법
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8ce29e8e2303 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 minutes ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp nginx-test
1f4574c2c036 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes ubuntu02
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 19 minutes ago Up 12 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up About an hour centos01
# nginx container에 bash shell연결 접속
[root@cent151 ~]# docker exec -it nginx-test bash
root@nginx-test:/# cat /etc/*-release
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="9"
VERSION="9 (stretch)"
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
Docker run : Docker 컨테이너 동작
# Docker run을 통해 신규 이미지가 없으면 자동으로 다운로드 받고, 컨테이너 이름 지정과 컨테이너 호스트이름 지정 후에 attach까지 구성
[root@cent151 ~]# docker run --name ubuntu02 --hostname ubuntu02 -it ubuntu
root@ubuntu02:/# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
root@ubuntu02:/# cat /etc/*-release*
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.2 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
# -p 옵션을 통해 포트포워딩을 구성하고, -d 옵션을 통해 백그라운드 동작시킴.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker run --name nginx-test --hostname nginx-test -p 8080:80 -d nginx
278b927be07231057655a25ec19f1cb36f3163c9d78f8acc634d3e8b18552e24
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
278b927be072 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp nginxx-test
1f4574c2c036 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes ubuntu02
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Up 8 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up 45 minutes centos01
[root@cent151 ~]# curl http://10.72.78.151:8080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
Docker ps : 도커 컨테이너 구동 상태 체크
# 현재 구동 중인 docker 컨테이너 열람
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1f4574c2c036 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes ubuntu02
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 10 minutes ago Up 3 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up 40 minutes centos01
# 정지 상태 포함 docker 컨테이너 열람
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1f4574c2c036 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes ubuntu02
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 11 minutes ago Up 4 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up 41 minutes centos01
166bf873a7a0 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago centos02
276b823a0f56 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine04
999368649eef alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine03
251bcfc91dc8 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine02
c6813f1aa3f1 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine01
Docker rm : 컨테이너 삭제
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8ce29e8e2303 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 11 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp nginx-test
1f4574c2c036 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 19 minutes ago Exited (127) 3 seconds ago ubuntu02
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 28 minutes ago Up 21 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up About an hour centos01
166bf873a7a0 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago centos02
276b823a0f56 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine04
999368649eef alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine03
251bcfc91dc8 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine02
c6813f1aa3f1 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine01
# ubuntu02 컨테이너 삭제
# -f 옵션은 강제삭제
[root@cent151 ~]# docker rm ubuntu02
ubuntu02
[root@cent151 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8ce29e8e2303 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 11 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp nginx-test
fdb17624280d ubuntu "/bin/bash" 28 minutes ago Up 21 minutes ubuntu01
77b4357ed7e8 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up About an hour centos01
166bf873a7a0 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago centos02
276b823a0f56 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine04
999368649eef alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine03
251bcfc91dc8 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine02
c6813f1aa3f1 alpine "/bin/sh" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago alpine01
Docker rmi : 도커 컨테이너 이미지 삭제
[root@cent151 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
<none> <none> dedf187fcd07 2 hours ago 307MB
alpine latest 4d90542f0623 4 days ago 5.58MB
ubuntu latest 4c108a37151f 5 days ago 64.2MB
nginx latest 719cd2e3ed04 13 days ago 109MB
centos latest 9f38484d220f 3 months ago 202MB
distribution/registry master 0a61d6686722 5 months ago 22.9MB
google/cadvisor latest eb1210707573 7 months ago 69.6MB
# docker image 삭제
# -f 옵션은 강제 삭제
# 해당 이미지를 통해 현재 컨테이너가 구동중이면, 삭제 에러가 발생한다. docker는 이미지를 레이어 방식으로 사용하기 때문에 처음 배포되는 이미지를 레이어 방식으로 계속 사용함.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker rmi nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:bdbf36b7f1f77ffe7bd2a32e59235dff6ecf131e3b6b5b96061c652f30685f3a
Deleted: sha256:719cd2e3ed04781b11ed372ec8d712fac66d5b60a6fb6190bf76b7d18cb50105
Deleted: sha256:e9b6506fb887de50972aefd99d7c5eb56b1a8e757ed953cdfecb86b5359bcb22
Deleted: sha256:55d9d9692a9615a28d183a42bc3881a72a39393feba3664e669e7affb78daa76
Deleted: sha256:cf5b3c6798f77b1f78bf4e297b27cfa5b6caa982f04caeb5de7d13c255fd7a1e
[root@cent151 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
<none> <none> dedf187fcd07 2 hours ago 307MB
alpine latest 4d90542f0623 4 days ago 5.58MB
ubuntu latest 4c108a37151f 5 days ago 64.2MB
centos latest 9f38484d220f 3 months ago 202MB
distribution/registry master 0a61d6686722 5 months ago 22.9MB
google/cadvisor latest eb1210707573 7 months ago 69.6MB
Docker save / load : Docker 이미지 저장과 로딩
# docker 이미지를 압축하여 저장.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker save alpine -o alpine_test.tar
[root@cent151 ~]# ls
1 alpine_test.tar anaconda-ks.cfg
# 압축 저장된 이미지를 로딩하여 사용.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker load -i ./alpine_test.tar
Loaded image: alpine:latest
Docker container Export와 Import
# Docker container export
[root@cent151 ~]# docker export alpine01 -o alpine01.tar
[root@cent151 ~]# ls
1 alpine01.tar alpine_test.tar anaconda-ks.cfg
# Docker Container import
[root@cent151 ~]# docker import ./alpine01.tar
sha256:056e3fd8403cb103bb926d58e7fe2ceee56d3ca686b93dc682474fcfc229831b
Docker 이미지 history
# docker centos 이미지에 대한 히스토리 조회
[root@cent151 ~]# docker history centos
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
9f38484d220f 3 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0B
<missing> 3 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL org.label-schema.sc… 0B
<missing> 3 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:074f2c974463ab38c… 202MB
Docker 컨테이너 로그
# 생성된 컨테이너의 행위에 대한 로그 감시 가능
[root@cent151 ~]# docker logs ubuntu01
root@fdb17624280d:/# root@fdb17624280d:/# exit
root@fdb17624280d:/# exit
root@fdb17624280d:/# exit
# -f 옵션을 사용하면 라이브 로그를 볼 수 있음.
Docker 상태조회 : 컨테이너 자원 사용률에 대한 조회
# container 자원사용률에 대한 조회
# live로 보여주며, linux top과 유사
# 옵션 —-no-stream 울 적용하면 현재 상태만 표시함.
[root@cent151 ~]# docker stats
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
fdb17624280d ubuntu01 0.00% 812KiB / 7.638GiB 0.01% 740B / 0B 0B / 0B 2
77b4357ed7e8 centos01 0.00% 376KiB / 7.638GiB 0.00% 740B / 0B 0B / 0B 1
Docker top : 특정 컨테이너의 프로세스 사용 정보 조회
# 특정 컨테이너의 프로세스 사용 정보 조회
[root@cent151 ~]# docker top ubuntu01
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 3272 3254 0 01:14 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 4617 3254 0 01:27 ? 00:00:00 bash
기타 유용한 docker command 관련 팁.
docker command complete - Mac OS, Ubuntu, CentOS 에서 docker 명령어 자동완성 구성 방법
# Mac book 에서 구성 방법
#oh-my-zsh 사용 케이스에서 구성
vi ~/.zshrc
plugins=(
docker
docker-compose
)
## plugin autoload
echo "autoload -Uz compinit; compinit" >> ~/.zshrc
# CentOS
yum update
yum -y install bash-completion
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/docker-ce/master/components/cli/contrib/completion/bash/docker -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker.sh
# Ubuntu
apt-get update
apt-get install bash-completion
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/docker-ce/master/components/cli/contrib/completion/bash/docker -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker.sh
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